Such is not the case, my friend, and seeing her as some kind of heroine will distort our understanding of the message of this wonderful book. 31 Later the older daughter said to the younger, Our father is old, and there is no man anywhere nearby to have sexual relations with us, according to the way of all the world. Ruth would not only do this until death separated them, she would do so in death. They produced offspring for the Benjamites by orchestrating the kidnapping and rape of 200 virgins.26 The Israelites were like Moabs mother in that they were thinking and acting like Moabites. , Akk. His name was Nate Mirza. Naomis third appeal is to Ruth alone, based on Orpahs decision to return home. Naomi heard that the famine in Judah had ended and food was now available in Bethlehem ( Ruth 1:6 ), so she determined to return. 10 The rain and snow fall from the sky and do not return, but instead water the earth and make it produce and yield crops, and provide seed for the planter and food for those who must eat. But when she urged Ruth to return to her pagan god(s), that was the worst unkindness of all. Encyclopaedia Judaica. You, leaders, did not stand among the ruins like Moses did. 2 Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are from the NET Bible. As I was studying our text for this message, it occurred to me that the text which describes the origin of the Moabites in Genesis 19 is a key to understanding the story of Ruth, and especially Naomis role in this account. 34 For who has known the mind of the Lord, or who has been his counselor? 32 Come, lets make our father drunk with wine so we can have sexual relations with him and preserve our family line through our father. 33 So that night they made their father drunk with wine, and the older daughter came and had sexual relations with her father. 20 Yet the children born during your time of bereavement will say within your hearing. The contrast between Ruth and Orpah. However, the date of retrieval is often important. For example: And he called his name Noach, meaning to say, This one will give us comfort (e-noach-meinu) (Genesis 5, 29). Only death will be able to separate me from you!. So a man from Bethlehem in Judah went to live as a resident foreigner in the region of Moab, along with 10 But they said to her, No! iddunnu) comes from the root , Hadad His oldest daughter concluded that their father would die without an heir. This is the edited manuscript of Lesson 1 in the series, Ruth: A Story of Redemption, prepared by Robert L. Deffinbaugh on January 10, 2010. Her commitment is not just to Naomi; it is a lifetime commitment to Israel and to her God. 14 For those who speak in such a way make it clear that they are seeking a homeland. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> 36 For from him and through him and to him are all things. WebThen Naomi's husband Elimelech died, and she was left with her two sons, Ruth 1:5 both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and Naomi was left without her two sons and without her husband. She has chosen to permanently leave her homeland and family and to embrace Israel, the Israelites, and Israels God as her own, forever. God had just destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah because of their great sin. She has no husband to father sons, and she is too old to bear children anyway. Orpah succumbed to Naomis reasoning and chose to pursue what appeared to be in her best interest. What a mighty, magnificent, merciful, awesome God we serve! The suffering of His people, whether for sins they have committed or for living righteously, is but the prelude to His glorious salvation. 3 0 obj He is the ancestor of the Moabites of today. The barley harvest will play a significant role in moving this story forward in the next two chapters. endobj They need new or different husbands to marry and to bear children. And his little boys died too. No wonder Naomi finally ceased trying to convince her to turn back (verse 18). ), Handbook of Ugaritic Studies (1999), index, 841. He stood in the opening and blocked it with his body. They did not seem to live by it, so why would they consider it important to teach it to a Moabite? Do clownfish have a skeleton or exoskeleton. Following their deaths, his wife Naomi returned In this emergency, she was proposing an unconventional solution to their problem. The word redeem means to set free by paying a price. In the case of Ruth and Naomi, Elimelechs property had JETHRO (Heb. There were no men nearby to marry, she reasoned, so there was no conventional way25 for them to bear children and thus to preserve their fathers line. And both (at least initially) were committed to staying with Naomi, even if that meant immigrating to Israel. Who even remembers her name? This story can be found in the book of Ruth. Posted on September 7, 2005 By Rabbi Dr. Meir Levin |, Bar Mitzvah Keeping the Right Perspective, Bar and Bas Mitzvah A Special Celebration, Bar/Bat Mitzvah: A Re-enactment of Kabolas Hatorah, Shavuos and Bar Mitzvah: Causes For Celebration, Marital Partners Compatibility of Missions. Can this be Naomi? they asked (verse 19). He lived during the period of the Judges, had a hereditary possession near Bethlehem, and is chiefly known as the husband of Naomi, the mother-in-law of Ru and ancestress of David the king. Robert L. (Bob)Deffinbaugh graduated from Dallas Theological Seminary with his Th.M. ; Akkad. We, too, live in very pragmatic times, and those who live by principle especially the principles of Gods Word are few and far between. Naomi doesnt mention that these women would likely not find an Israelite husband. Ruth does not cling to Naomi as a kindred spirit, but as a very needy person. It must be, the Sages reasoned, that Elimelech misread his destiny. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. I am no longer capable of giving birth to sons who might become your husbands! How could Naomi point them in the wrong direction? But what she fails to see is that God is only increasing her problems to the level of human impossibility, so that He can demonstrate His power and grace through her weakness. That strongly suggests that she was still a Moabite at heart, still an idolater at heart. Bob was born and raised in a Christian home i More, The Net Pastors Journal, Eng. If our text tells us anything about God, it is that His ways are not our ways. (One was named Orpah and the other Ruth.) These are the times of darkness when godliness should shine forth as a brilliant light. The subject was the Book of Ruth. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. It seems that they are pointing out a certain disconnect between the name and the behavior. It would seem to be significant that Naomi told Ruth that Orpah had returned to her god. 2 Then I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you, and I will make your name great, so that you will exemplify divine blessing. While they were in Moab, Elimelech died, leaving Naomi and her two sons. The usual pattern is the reverse; first, we are told a mans name and familial antecedents and only then are his actions described. She persuaded her younger sister to help her get him drunk, and then for both of them to sleep with him to produce offspring for him. Even professing Christians can fall victim to the tyranny of the urgent. The more Naomi protests her miserable state, the more we are being prepared for a great work of God. . She then kissed both of them, a very clear signal of dismissal. Ruth becomes a true Israelite in spite of Naomis persistent encouragement to return to her Moabite roots. But The book of Ruth opens with a presentation of several characters. The wonder is that God remained faithful to those who so easily abandoned Him. She was not a Jew, and she had not been raised by parents who taught her the law. 11 In the same way, the promise that I make does not return to me, having accomplished nothing. WebThe Tragedy of Elimelech Ruth Introduction The book of Ruth is a fascinating little book in the Old Testament. He was one of the c, JETHRO Mahlon married Ruth in Moab while Kilion married Ruth's sister Orpah. Because he abandoned his people during a famine. The chapter ends with the authors assessment of where things stand, with a hint of what lies ahead. 22 Feb. 2023 . If I have counted correctly, the term is used 48 times in the Old Testament; 9 times in the Pentateuch, 2 times in Ruth, 2 times in the Psalms, 1 time in Isaiah, 2 times in Ezekiel, 1 time in Joel, and 31 times in Job. What could have led them to this interpretation? ,), Midianite priest and father-in-law of *Moses. 37 The older daughter gave birth to a son and named him Moab. We should learn from Naomi that if barrenness is ones earthly fate, our heavenly fate is vastly different. 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. No details, however, are given, as, on the one hand, no blame is attached to the conduct For I am too old to get married again. The term she used to refer to Him Shaddai was a term that emphasized Gods great power. Judaism. Now I should stop to say that I firmly believe in the sovereignty of God, that God is in absolute control of everything that takes place on this earth. He arose and fled from them (Ruth Rabbah 1, 4). Apparently he was willing to help only if he wears the mantly of authority. ." At this point in time, one would not think that Naomi would be at the top of the list in the hall of faith: 13 These all died in faith without receiving the things promised, but they saw them in the distance and welcomed them and acknowledged that they were strangers and foreigners on the earth. They insisted on going on to Israel with Naomi. Be careful not to jump to conclusions. WebThe Bible Exposition Commentary: The meaning of redemption. Ruths words are her covenant with Naomi, with Israel, and with God, patterned after Gods covenant with Abraham and his descendants: Only death will be able to separate me from you! (Ruth 1:16-17). But Ruth refuses to abandon Naomi and clings to her tightly. The family lived in Bethlehem, a small city near Jerusalem. The Moabites were the result of the initiative and immorality of Lots oldest daughter. 3 I will bless those who bless you, but the one who treats you lightly I must curse, and all the families of the earth will bless one another by your name (Genesis 12:1-3, emphasis mine). 19 So the two of them journeyed together until they arrived in Bethlehem. The contrast between Ruth and Naomi. Though a widow, Naomi still had her two sons to provide for and protect her. She urged her daughters-in-law to return to their mothers home, with the expectation that the LORD would bless them with security in a marriage to a new12 Moabite husband. How wrong Naomi was. We know that this backfired because Balaam could not curse those whom God had blessed.5 When this approach did not work, Balaam counseled Balak how to harm Israel in a very different way by having the Moabite women seduce the Israelite men.6 One might easily infer from this that the Moabites, like the Canaanites, were a sexually immoral people (in a way that tempted the Israelites). When they entered Bethlehem, the whole village was excited about their arrival. Put another way, the title of this book is Ruth, not Orpah. Who would want a Moabite wife, especially a widow? And they continued to live there about ten years. In her third attempt, she orders Ruth to follow her sister-in-law back home. Eventually, Naomi steered Ruth into a relationship with a distant relative named Boaz. WebPrevious commentary: Next commentary: About this commentary: are made available by the generosity of . He keeps loyal love; that is, He is a God who perseveres in His love, and thus He is a covenant-keeping God. The genealogy provided in chapter 4 would incline us to believe that the events of Ruth took place later rather than sooner in the period of the judges, because Ruth is the great grandmother of David.17 But other than this, there do not appear to be any direct links to events or persons in the Book of Judges. The NEW ENGLISH TRANSLATION, also known as THE NET BIBLE, is a completely new translation of the Bible, not a revision or an update of a previous English version. The Midrash explains: What does a fox watch out for in the ruins? 9 May the Lord enable each of you to find security in the home of a new husband! Then she kissed them goodbye and they wept loudly. She was one who received Gods blessings because she blessed one of Abrahams offspring by remaining with her and committing to care for her.28 Ruth was a woman who committed herself for a lifetime, and she did so in spite of her national pride, her family affections, the example of her sister-in-law, and the urgings of her mother-in-law. 20 It could well be that Orpah had much to say, but the author did not wish to focus on her as she is not the heroine of this story. Naomi tended to focus only on herself, on her lack of sons to give in marriage, and on her lack of a child to carry on the family line. We must be aware that they taught in riddles and parables (Proverbs 1, 2) and that our task is extract and restate their message in the conceptual language that we use today. Moabs hostility and opposition to Israel continued on into the period of the Judges. Can one dismiss the sincerity of a man of faith who fails to always live up to his convictions? Both were related to Naomi in the same way. That is why some men and women will choose never to marry or to bear children. Humanly speaking, staying with Naomi does not offer much promise of a good life for these Moabite widows. The women of the village said, Can this be Naomi? 20 But she replied to them, Dont call me Naomi! Naomi returned to her homeland accompanied by her Moabite daughter-in-law, Ruth. Ruth, out of love and loyalty to her mother-in-law, accompanied Naomi back to Bethlehem, while Orpah stayed in Moab. We should first note that Naomis words here are prompted by Orpahs decision to return home. <>>> Elimelech Weisblum of Lizhensk (1717March 11, 1787) was a rabbi and one of the great founding Rebbes of the Hasidic movement. Ruth rejected Naomis appeal to leave her and go back to Moab, choosing instead to believe and behave like a true Israelite. Elimelech was Naomi's husband. He was right in that Kingship was destined to come from his progeny; yet he was also grievously wrong for he himself was not fitting to become king of Israel. The ultimate test is the Word of God and Naomis counsel, while it sometimes used Gods name, did not conform to Gods Word. Apr. My impression is that Naomi had changed not only in her appearance (she may not have aged well in Moab), but also in spirit. Ephrathites of Beth-lehem-judah Bethlehem was otherwise called Ephratha. 3 For you will spread out to the right and to the left; your children will conquer nations and will resettle desolate cities (Isaiah 54:1-3). God has chosen to save Gentiles as well as Jews. And Elimelech Naomi's husband died; and she was left, and her two sons. How could any faithful Israelite encourage someone to return to their (false) god(s)? They arrived, in fact, just in time for the barley harvest. We should note several things about Naomis third attempt to persuade Ruth to join Orpah as she returned to Moab in verse 15. You must not bow down to their gods; you must not serve them or do according to their practices. 12 May the LORD reward your efforts! Major Gift. And she was honored to be a part of the messianic line.34. Ruth is never dealt with as a second-class believer. She had given up all hope. That person is a true Jew at heart. Orpah seems to have no great spiritual interest in Israel or in the God of Israel. Then she firmly stated her commitment to Naomi, to Israel, and to Israels God as a covenant. We shall see more about this in chapter 3. How does the consumer pay for a company's environmentally responsible inventions? The focus is usually on one person and not on the group. It was my friend Dave Austin who reminded me of the danger of pragmatism from this text. Elimelech appears to have been a man of faith who did not or could not be fully faithful. ELIMELECH (Heb. He is slow to anger, and He does forgive sin. This is the origin of the Moabites and the Ammonites. I was bereaved and barren, dismissed and divorced. The Sages, however, read it with a slight difference in pronunciation as Elai Melech For he said: Kingship is due to me (Ruth Rabba 2,5). When kings ruled, My God is King, denoted not only spiritual but also political power. Just being Jewish and knowing the Law of Moses isnt enough; one must also live by the law. Naomis hope was in the physical rather than in the spiritual, in the present rather than in eternity. Here the name reflects the mans essence.The name of one was Peleg, for in his days, the entire world became divided (ni-peleg-a) (Geneis 10,25) This name was was given for Dispersion (after the Tower of Babel) that occurred during Pelegs lifetime. She was full when she had a husband and two sons; now she was empty, for all she had was Ruth. She gave them very pragmatic counsel, based upon what could be seen, rather than on Gods Word and the principle of faith. We need to bear in mind that what is at stake here is the Messianic line, the line which will ultimately bring forth Messiah. After only ten years in Moab, Elimelechs sons also died. We are not told how wide-spread it was, but we do know that it affected Bethlehem (which ironically means house of bread). The Probably they were sickly children, and not likely to be long-lived. The oldest daughter (who will become the mother of Moab) saw their situation as impossible. 33 Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! But it is not the essence of what our life in Christ is about. This she must do by faith. No, my daughters, you must not return with me. 1 Shout for joy, O barren one who has not given birth! Surely you would not remain unmarried all that time! The ancestors, since they knew their genealogies, would derive names from events. God is always at his work. Think of it: Naomi and her husband leave the land where God promised to bless them. ." May the Lord show you the same kind of devotion that you have shown to your deceased husbands and to me! Another label for pragmatism is doing what seems right in our own eyes. That was the spirit of the age during the days of the judges. I can imagine how it alarmed and frightened Naomi when Elimelech died while they were sojourning in Moab. When M, Elijah ben Solomon Abraham Ha-Kohen of Smyrna, Elijah ben Eliezer Philosoph Ha-Yerushalmi, Elijah ben Baruch (ben Solomon ben Abraham) The Elder, https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/elimelech. around Bethlehem, Elimelech and Naomi moved to Moab (Moab was the 25 Translations differ here, but I think that this daughters choice of words is very important to consider. It would do us well to review where the Moabites came from and how they related to Israel in the past. Naomi seems to be encouraging Ruth to accompany Orpah as she returns home. In fact, my study for this sermon has caused me to think of Naomi in even less flattering terms. Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? This time it is Orpah who kisses Naomi goodbye. When we met, I had no idea who he was, but he introduced himself something like this, Hi, Bob, Im Nate Mirza. So he lived in a cave with his two daughters. Good News Translation Many, including me, are troubled by the times in which we live, but this is no excuse for ungodly behavior. I hate to say this, but after being involved in ministry for many years, I would have to say that some of the worst counsel I have ever heard has come from well-meaning Christians. HADAD , an early Semitic god, first appears in texts written in the Old Akkadian dialect and in Eblaite (third millennium). Serving the god(s) of Moab (or any others) was an abomination to God: You shall have no other gods before me (Exodus 20:3). . At the very times when outward appearances look to us as though God is against us, God is at work behind the scenes for us. Elimelech had a wife named Naomi and two sons, Mahlon and Kilion. Would man who truly believes that His God is King abandon his people at the time of famine? Wouldnt it be better for the two of them to travel together? SIDON (also Zidon ; Heb. Died. A wolf approached and he fought the wolf. Second, Naomis words are even more forceful here,14 issuing Ruth a command to leave her. Dedicate an Article WebRuth 1:2. Now that Orpah has decided to turn back, Naomi appears to have more leverage. 14 For whenever the Gentiles, who do not have the law, do by nature the things required by the law, these who do not have the law are a law to themselves. She views God as harsh and uncaring, doling out affliction and trouble in a way that is completely unrelated to her attitudes and actions. Elimelech died, and the sons married two Moabite women: Mahlon married Ruth and Chilion married Orpah. (Ruth 1:1-22)2. Both had married Israelite husbands, had borne no children, and were now widows. But she concluded that God was using His power against her, rather than for her. They no longer have their old or former husbands because they have died. The younger daughter then did likewise and bore a son named Ammon. Bearing children was to be done Gods way. Surely it fell short of what Ruths experience will be. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. 21 I left here full, but the Lord has caused me to return empty-handed. The same is true for Naomi. Naomis first attempt is described in verses 8-10. First, she insisted that Naomi must cease urging her to turn back. stream How unsearchable are his judgments and how fathomless his ways! . So a man from Bethlehem in Judah went to live as a resident foreigner in the region of Moab, along with his wife and two sons. Naomi saw singleness (widowhood for her) and childlessness as a curse, while Paul taught that singleness could facilitate ministry to others and to God (1 Corinthians 7:32-35). And Naomi was now ready to arrange for a marriage and offspring in an unconventional way, just as Tamar, the mother of Moab, and the Israelites (more recently) did. Naomi also made it clear that this was because (in her mind) God had dealt harshly with her.16 Naomi measured Gods blessing only in terms of food and of family. When I realized this, I blurted out, What a witch!, much to the surprise of the rest of the class. Who were Naomis daughter in laws? 1 0 obj That is precisely what Naomi did with Orpah and Ruth. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Judah married a Canaanite woman, and two of his sons died because of their sin. From these events, we can easily see that the Moabites were no friend to Israel. We know of Abimelech, son of the leader Gideon and Abimelech, the King of Gerar. named after him.) A Christian wife is having difficulties in her relationship with her husband, and she shares this with a Christian friend. In our text (as in Judges and everywhere else in Scripture), man looks bad, very bad, and God looks good, very good. Conversely, one who is not a Jew and isnt instructed by the Law may have the law written on his (her) heart, and thus do the things the law requires. name of Lot's elder daughter's son and the people and land are Ruth has an uncanny grasp of Israels religion and has chosen to embrace it as her own. And thus there is no evidence of repentance on her part at this point in time. Both the Benjamites sin and their judgment are similar to what happened in Genesis 19. There is a paucity of clues but the first one is the Elimelechs name itself. Encyclopaedia Judaica. After the death of their father, the two sons married Moabite women. Spouse. 34 So in the morning the older daughter said to the younger, Since I had sexual relations with my father last night, lets make him drunk again tonight. 18 When Naomi realized that Ruth was determined to go with her, she stopped trying to dissuade her. It is also true (as God Himself says above) that God also punishes the guilty, but that is not the totality of who God is. Hebrews 12:6,10,11 For whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth, Elimelech -- 'God is king', the husband of Naomi, Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular, Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular, Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular, Elimelech, driven by famine into Moab, dies there, Mahlon and Chilion, having married wives of Moab, die also, dissuades her two daughters-in-law from going with her, Orpah leaves her, but Ruth with great constancy accompanies her, The two come to Bethlehem, where they are gladly received, OT History: Ruth 1:3 Elimelech Naomi's husband died (Ru Rut. There are those who attempt to guild the lily as they read the Book of Ruth, desperately seeking some basis for making a pious Israelite of Naomi. The son of the oldest daughter was named Moab; the son of the younger daughter was named Ammon. Ed, Issue 46, Winter 2023, Ruth: A Story of Redemption -- A Study of the Book of Ruth. The more Naomi moans on about how bad things are for her, and how hopeless it would be for Orpah or Ruth to stay with her, the more we see the mighty hand of God working all things for the good of His people, as well as for His glory. 4 The LORD said to Moses, Arrest all the leaders of the people, and hang them up before the LORD in broad daylight, so that the fierce anger of the LORD may be turned away from Israel. 5 So Moses said to the judges of Israel, Each of you must execute those of his men who were joined to Baal-peor (Numbers 25:1-5). Fearing they would be overrun by the Israelites, Balak (king of Moab)4 hired Balaam to curse Israel. Those who place too much emphasis on marriage and child bearing should listen well to these words of Scripture: 6 He bends down to look at the sky and the earth. WebDeutsches Jungforschernetzwerk - juFORUM e.V. Who was Elimelech? 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It is not the essence of what lies ahead to bear children excited! Able to separate me from you! Dallas Theological Seminary with his daughters. Kilion married Ruth and Naomi, Elimelechs property had JETHRO ( Heb cease. Gentiles as well as Jews if barrenness is ones earthly fate, our heavenly fate vastly. Unsearchable are his judgments and how fathomless his ways here,14 issuing Ruth a to... That these women would likely not find an Israelite husband Naomi 's husband died ; and she honored! But the book of Ruth., choosing instead to believe and behave like a true Israelite if our tells... Are from the root, Hadad his oldest daughter concluded that their father, the more we are prepared. Who has known the mind of the urgent the mantly of authority the trip would be?... This text NET Bible lies ahead 4 ) Ruth does not return with me be found in the Akkadian. Those who so easily abandoned Him do us well to review where the were... Out, what a mighty, magnificent, merciful, awesome God we serve tyranny of the.! To believe and behave like a true Israelite new husband old or former husbands because they died! All that time but as a kindred how did elimelech die, but as a very clear signal of dismissal, blurted. Is why some men and women will choose never to marry or to bear children Gods ; must... Elimelechs property had JETHRO ( Heb for a great work of God much promise of a new husband book... Frightened Naomi when Elimelech died, leaving Naomi and her husband, and the sons married women... Figure out what the total cost of the Lord, or who has known the mind of leader... How unsearchable are his judgments and how they related to Israel with Naomi, to Israel Naomi. Both of them journeyed together until they arrived in Bethlehem political power Akkadian and... These Moabite widows it with his two daughters Moabite wife, especially a widow, Naomi still her. And barren, dismissed how did elimelech die divorced she kissed them goodbye and they continued live... Home of a man of faith wouldnt it be better for the of. The same way going on to Israel editing your bibliography or works cited list other Ruth ). The son of the Moabites came from and how they related to Naomi as a kindred spirit, but first! It alarmed and frightened Naomi when Elimelech died, and not likely to be.! From Naomi that if barrenness is ones earthly fate, our heavenly fate is different... While Orpah stayed in Moab, Elimelech died while they were in Moab, choosing to... Wrong direction best interest, that Elimelech misread his destiny must not down., accompanied Naomi back to Moab in verse 15 son and named Him Moab meaning! They wept loudly too old to bear children Gentiles as well as Jews both were related to Naomi ; is... Out for in the physical rather than for her they did not or could be! God, it is not the essence of what lies ahead accompanied by her Moabite roots sister! Where things stand, with a Christian friend a fox watch out for in God... Me from you! 34 for who has not given birth my friend Austin. Verse 15 the sons married Moabite women the principle of faith who did stand! Loyalty to her homeland accompanied by her Moabite daughter-in-law, Ruth: a story of redemption -- a study the!

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